What Is Cold Chain and Why Is It Important in Supply Chain Management?

I often hear the term cold chain in logistics, food distribution, and pharmaceutical supply chains, but I would like a clear explanation of what it actually means. How does a cold chain system work to maintain required temperatures during storage and transportation of perishable or temperature-sensitive products?

I am also interested in knowing why cold chain management is so important for product quality, safety, and regulatory compliance. What industries rely most on cold chain logistics, and what happens if the cold chain breaks at any stage?